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What is a lock-up agreement and what are its implications for an investor?

Private Placement

Lock-up Agreement

Washington

I am an investor who is considering purchasing shares in a private company through a private placement. I recently came across the term 'lock-up agreement' and I am unsure about its implications. From my understanding, a lock-up agreement is a contractual provision that restricts shareholders from selling their shares for a certain period of time after an initial public offering (IPO) or other significant event. I would like to know more about how lock-up agreements work, their purpose, and whether they are common in private placements. Additionally, I am curious about the potential impact of lock-up agreements on an investor's ability to liquidate their investment and any potential risks or benefits associated with them.

Jonathan W.

Answered Sep 13, 2024

First, Lock-up agreements are ubiquitous in private placements. I would say they are the norm and not having one is an exception. You are correct that a lock-up agreement is a contractual restriction that prevents insiders of a company (usually directors, executive officers and 5% or more shareholders) from selling their shares for a specified period of time after an IPO. A lock-up agreement for an investor prevents them from selling their shares for a certain period of time after the IPO, usually 90 to 180 days. They can be a disadvantage if the stock price goes up after the IPO and the investors want to sell. Alternatively, lock-up agreements can help to stabilize the stock price after an IPO, which can be an advantage for investors and the underwriters who manage the deal. If the stock performance has been very good or in the event they determine the sale will not have an impact on the stock price. then Lock-ups may be waived by the underwriter or company. They have an impact on an investor's liquidity as they usually prevent all types of transfers including using the stock as collateral on loans.

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