California Real Estate Contract: Different Types and Key Terms to Include
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What is a California Real Estate Contract?
A real estate contract in California, often referred to as a real estate purchase and sale agreement, is a contract that is executed by a party selling a property and a party who is offering to purchase the property.
The contract is initiated when the buyer makes an offer. Once the seller accepts the offer and the terms of the contract are negotiated, the parties will sign the contract making it legally binding and enforceable.
Common California Real Estate Contracts
There are several types of real estate contracts that can be used in California. The three most popular contracts are:
- Purchase agreement. The most common type of real estate contract that is used for the transfer of property between a buyer and a seller.
- Real estate assignment contract. Used when purchasing “distressed properties” as a wholesale investment strategy. This contract allows the buyer to assign the contract to a second buyer.
- Lease agreement. Used when a landlord wants to rent their property to a tenant for use in exchange for a monthly rent.
4 Essential Elements of a California Real Estate Contract
All contracts must include specific essential elements to be valid and legal. In California, a real estate contract must have the following four essential elements:
- The contract must be executed by parties who are legally capable of entering a contract
- There must be mutual consent
- The contract must have a lawful objective
- The terms must include consideration (an exchange of things of value)
If the real estate contract is missing any of these elements, it will be deemed invalid and will not be legally enforceable under California law.
What Must Be Included in a California Real Estate Contract?
A California real estate contract lays out the terms and conditions surrounding the purchase of real property. This contract should include the following essential information:
- Purchase price. One of the most important parts of a real estate contract is the negotiated purchase price that the buyer has agreed to pay the seller.
- Closing date. This is the date that the sale is finalized and when payment must be made for the property. The timeframe for a closing date is usually 30 to 60 days out from signing the real estate contract.
- Agent commissions. Most buyers and sellers hire real estate agents to help facilitate the sale of the property. Both agents are entitled to commissions in this process.
- Earnest money deposit. The deposit made by the buyer when the contract is signed to show the seller they are committed to purchasing the property. In California, the standard deposit is 1%-3% of the total purchase price.
- Contingencies. Contingencies are the conditions that must be met by either the buyer or the seller to complete the deal. Common contingencies include the buyer selling their previous home or the home passing a home inspection.
- Contingency removal period. The date that contingencies will be removed to show that the buyer intends to close escrow.
- Disclosure requirements. Disclosures are conditions about the property that could lower the property value that the seller must reveal to the buyer before closing the sale. California requires 12 different disclosures that must be included in the real estate contract.
Do Real Estate Contracts Have to Be in Writing in California?
Yes. Real estate contracts in California must be in writing. In California, the Statute of Frauds governs which contracts must be in writing and which contracts are valid as oral agreements. Under this law, any contract used to purchase or sell land must be in writing. In addition, any property lease lasting for more than one year must also be in writing.
Frequently Asked Questions
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Anjali S.
Attorney licensed in California, New York, and Florida with over a decade of experience in technology transactions, data privacy, and intellectual property. I advise businesses on drafting, reviewing, and negotiating commercial agreements, including SaaS agreements, master services agreements (MSAs), vendor and procurement contracts, data processing agreements (DPAs), and intellectual property licensing arrangements. I hold the CIPP/US and CIPP/E privacy certifications and regularly support clients on matters involving data use, privacy considerations, and contract structuring in technology-driven business relationships. My approach is practical and business-focused, with an emphasis on clear guidance, efficient negotiation, and helping clients move forward with confidence.
"Anjali is beyond sharp, responsive, and--most importantly for my project--highly knowledgable in the entertainment and intellectual property spaces. I'd work with her again in a second."
Paul S.
I focus my practice on startups and small to mid-size businesses, because they have unique needs that mid-size and large law firms aren't well-equipped to service. In addition to practicing law, I have started and run other businesses, and have an MBA in marketing from Indiana University. I combine my business experience with my legal expertise, to provide practical advice to my clients. I am licensed in Ohio and California, and I leverage the latest in technology to provide top quality legal services to a nationwide client-base. This enables me to serve my clients in a cost-effective manner that doesn't skimp on personal service.
"Was my great pleasure working with Paul. He is very knowledgeable about startups/companies, professional, wise, and supportive. I would highly recommend him."
Briana C.
Legal services cost too much, and are often of low quality. I have devoted my law practice to providing the best work at the most affordable price—in everything from defending small businesses against patent trolls to advising multinational corporations on regulatory compliance to steering couples through a divorce.
"Briana was responsive and quick to put the draft together. It has been a pleasure working with her!"
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Meghan P.
I am a licensed attorney and a member of the California Bar. I graduated from the University of Dayton School of Law's Program in Law and Technology. I love IP, tech transfers, licensing, and how the internet and developing technology is changing the legal landscape. I've interned at both corporations and boutique firms, and I've taken extensive specialized classes in intellectual property and technology law.
"Meghan was great to work with! She understood everything perfectly and delivered greatly."
July 25, 2020
Kamilah H.
I am a top-performing bi-lingual legal services professional with a proven record of success. Reputation of assessing and evaluating client’s needs and providing individualized solutions in line with those needs while efficiently handling multiple tasks simultaneously. Able to create a collaborative work environment ensuring business objectives are consistently met. Seeking an attorney role within a legal setting to apply skills in critical thinking, executive communications, and client advocacy.
August 25, 2020
Rinky P.
Rinky S. Parwani began her career practicing law in Beverly Hills, California handling high profile complex litigation and entertainment law matters. Later, her practice turned transactional to Lake Tahoe, California with a focus on business startups, trademarks, real estate resort development and government law. After leaving California, she also served as in-house counsel for a major lending corporation headquartered in Des Moines, Iowa as well as a Senior Vice President of Compliance for a fortune 500 mortgage operation in Dallas, Texas prior to opening Parwani Law, P.A. in Tampa, Florida. She has represented various sophisticated individual, government and corporate clients and counseled in a variety of litigation and corporate matters throughout her career. Ms. Parwani also has prior experience with state and federal consumer lending laws for unsecured credit cards, revolving credit, secured loans, retail credit, sales finance and mortgage loans. She also has served as a special magistrate and legal counsel for numerous Florida County Value Adjustment Boards. Her practice varies significantly from unique federal and state litigation cases to transactional matters. Born and raised in Des Moines, Iowa, Ms. Parwani worked in private accounting for several years prior to law school. Her background includes a Certified Public Accountant (CPA) certificate from Iowa (currently the license is inactive) and a Certified Management Accountant (CMA) designation (currently the designation is inactive). Ms. Parwani or the firm is currently a member of the following organizations: Hillsborough County Bar Association, American Bar Association, Tampa Bay Bankruptcy Bar Association, National Association of Consumer Bankruptcy Attorneys, and the American Immigration Lawyers Association. She is a Fellow of the American Bar Association. Ms. Parwani is a frequent volunteer for Fox Channel 13 Tampa Bay Ask-A-Lawyer. She has published an article entitled "Advising Your Client in Foreclosure" in the Stetson Law Review, Volume 41, No. 3, Spring 2012 Foreclosure Symposium Edition. She is a frequent continuing legal education speaker and has also taught bankruptcy seminars for the American Bar Association and Amstar Litigation. She was commissioned by the Governor of Kentucky as a Kentucky Colonel. In addition, she teaches Immigration Law, Bankruptcy Law and Legal Research and Writing as an adjunct faculty instructor at the Hillsborough Community College Ybor campus in the paralegal studies program.
Adam B.
With over 25 years of experience in the technology sector, I am a strategic business counsel, outsourced general counsel, and a leader of high-performing legal teams aimed to help maximize the efficiency of all stakeholders. I recently joined the renewable energy space with the addition of a new client on its way to becoming the first Chinese battery company to build a battery manufacturing presence in the US beginning with a 1+ GWh cell and pack plant, and a domestic anode and cathode plant. In my most recent full-time role, I served as the Sr. Director and Assistant General Counsel at SMART Global Holdings, where I served as the general counsel for the HPC and AI division of this publicly traded holding company, comprised of four companies, before becoming the global head of the commercial legal function across all portfolio companies, including two multinational industry leaders. During much of my career, I provided outside legal services on a recurring basis for several years advising several high growth start-ups and venture firms as well as house hold names, and also led one of the country's fastest growing infrastructure resellers and managed services providers. My core competencies include contract review, commercial negotiation, legal operations, information security, privacy, supply chain and procurement, alliances and channel sales, HR, and general corporate. I am passionate about leveraging my legal skills to achieve business solutions, supporting innovation and growth in the technology sector, and helping maximize the commercial flow and efficiency at growing companies. I hold an undergraduate business degree, a JD, a MSBA Taxation, and certifications from the California Bar Association, Six Sigma, and ISM.
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"Dolan did incredible with my Purchase Agreement contract. He was extremely timely and efficient in his work and I greatly appreciate how quickly he was able to get this done for me and my fiance. Thank you!!"
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"Zachariah was prompt, thorough and very detail-oriented. He explained the human oversight and expertise was used throughout the whole process, after the initial clerical work which is completed by his AI legal software. The final work product was exactly what we needed and above and beyond what we hoped for. Thank you very much!"
Real Estate
Real Estate Contract
Illinois
what is better to buy land or rent for construction in US?
we are a construction company from Ukraine, we are planning to build a cottage town in the USA
T. Phillip B.
I suppose it doesn't matter if you have the lease giving you permission and the lease is long enough to justify the building expense when you won't own it. But I'd buy the land so you could eventually sell the property with the building on it.
Real Estate
Real Estate Contract
Georgia
How many years does a quick claim become effective?s
Number of years for quick claim to be effect ive
Meghan T.
A quit claim deed is effective upon execution so long as the deed is dated as of the date of signature. Execution means that the deed is signed, in front of a witness and a notary. The witness and notary must also sign the deed. Finally, the deed must be recorded. This means that the deed must be submitted to the Superior Court recording office of the County in which the property sits. Please let me know if you have any questions. Thanks, Meghan K Thomas
Real Estate
Real Estate Contract
Georgia
WHAT ARE YOUR FEES TO PERFORM QUIT CLAIM DEED COMPLETE BUTTS COUNTY GEORGIA 30233
SON AND EX
Meghan T.
Hi. The cost for my practice to prepare a Quit Claim Deed is $99. The Cost for me to handle the closing is $250 plus recording fees. These costs apply for any county within the state of Georgia. Let me know if you have any more questions. Meghan K Thomas
Real Estate
Real Estate Contract
New York
Can you purchase or refinance under a land contract?
I’ve been living here for 2 years. Currently have been working with my credit union and they are having a terrible time trying to understand the legalities of my land contract first off, and secondly they just don’t seem to know what they are doing. It’s been over 8 months, 4 different loan officers and I’m once again waiting for someone else to help finish this thing out. It’s only $60,000 with a $120,000 appraisal. So, as of now I am stuck paying 2.5x monthly under this land contract than I was promised would be an easy mortgage process. So any guidance in the right direction would be very helpful. It’s a New York home. 20 yr fixed, no balloon, with a (brace yourself) 12% apr. HELP ME PLEASE! One month I’m being told to authorize a credit check for a first time homebuyer grant method of mortgaging this property. The next it’s authorizing it for a refinance. I do have earnest money deposits for over $3,000 and another $3000 paid towards principal under this land contract also.
Jane C.
I suggest you speak with a New York real estate attorney. That attorney needs to review the documents related to the transaction.
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